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Types of Cancer

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Types of Cancer

Cancer is a general term used to describe about 200 different types of malignant tumours. We know that any living cell in the body can become cancerous. Since there are many types of cells in the human body such as blood cells, nerve cells, fibroblast cells, bone cells, muscle cells and epithelial cells, there are as many types of cancer. A generic name is given to the cancer depending upon the type of the cell of its origin. The common types of cancer include carcinoma, sarcoma, myeloma, leukaemia, lymphoma and brain cancer.

Carcinoma:

Cancer originating from the epithelial cell of a tissue or an organ is called carcinoma. This is the single largest group, forming about 80 per cent of all the human cancers e.g., Lung, breast, prostate, skin, stomach, and colon. Carcinomas are further divided into squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma and glandular cell carcinoma (adenocarcinoma).

Myeloma:

Cancer originating from the plasma cell is called myeloma.

Lymphoma:

Cancer originating from the lymphatic tissue cell is called lymphoma.

Sarcoma

Cancer arising from the connective tissue cell of mesenchymal tissue such as bone, cartilage, muscle, fat and fibrous tissue is called sarcoma.

Leukaemia:

Cancer originating from the blood-forming cell is called leukaemia. It is further classified according to the specific type of the affected blood cell such as lymphoblastic leukaemia and myeloid leukaemia.

Brain cancer:

A cancer of the central nervous system is named according to the cell of its origin, for example, cancer arising from the neural cell is called neuroblastoma and that from the glial cell is called glioma.

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